Cardiff Metropolitan University
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE MANAGEMENT STYLE ON THE
EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: CASE OF PRIMARK AND ZARA COMPANIES
MSc International Business Management
International Research Project
MSM7037
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Purpose: The
purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of management style on the
performance of the employees of the organisation ZARA and Primark. The
organisation uses a democratic management style to manage the organisation.
Research background: The chapter is all about the types of management styles and
their theories of them. Further, it is about the impacts of different
management styles and theories on the performance of employees.
Literature Review: Literature review provides a definition of management styles and
critically evaluates concepts related to management theory. Definition of
employee performance and performance theory is discussed.
Methodology: Researcher
has used interpretive philosophy, inductive approach, and qualitative
strategies for their research. Researchers to include data within their studies
use secondary data collection method.
Finding and Evaluation: Chapter evaluates that leader play vital role in to enhance
performance of employees as well as advantage and disadvantages of effective
management are discussed that affect employee performance. Management supports
several activities to encourage employee that is discussed in detail.
Conclusion and recommendation depict information about Zara and Primark hence organization
using a management style that plays an effective role in organizational growth
is to be well concluded. The effect of magnet style on employee growth and
issues being faced during their work are to be conceded in doing this research
work. Recommendation based on organizational impact of management style is well
defined and play an effective role in its development.
Throughout the writing of this report, I have
analyzed and gained a significant support and assistance. I would like to
convey my special thanks of gratitude to the assessor. I want to thank you for such a support hand,
insightful suggestions, having faith in me and for all of the opportunities
that I was given to further my research.
Table of Contents
DECLARATION.. 2
STATEMENT 1. 2
STATEMENT 2. 2
Supervisor Declaration
Form.. 3
Abstract 4
Acknowledgement 5
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.. 11
1.0 Introduction. 11
1.1 Rational 11
1.2 Methodology. 13
1.3 Research Aim,
Objectives, and Central Research Questions. 14
1.3.1 Research Aim.. 14
1.3.2 Research Objectives. 14
Critically
evaluating the relevant concept and theories in management style plays an
important role in organizational performance. 14
To determine
the impact of management style on employee performances. 14
To analyze
management style's negative impact on employee performance that reduces
organization productivity. 14
To identify
the importance of management style in organization goals and objectives. 14
To recommend
different ways or steps organization needs to be taken in improving management
style in organizational performances. 14
1.3.3 Central Research
Question. 14
1.4 Overview of the Study. 14
2.0 Introduction. 16
2.1 Conceptual Framework. 16
2.2 Identify the importance of management style in organization goals
and objectives. 16
2.3 Critically evaluating the relevant concept and theories in
management style plays an important role in organizational performance. 19
2.4 Determine the impact of management style on employee performances. 20
2.5 Analyze management style's negative impact on employee performance
that reduces organization productivity. 20
2.6 Recommending different ways or steps organization needs to be
taken in improving management style in organizational performances. 21
2.7 Knowledge gap. 25
2.8 Conclusion. 25
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH
BACKGROUND.. 26
3.1 Introduction. 26
3.2 Research Background. 26
3.3 Research scope. 26
3.4 Conclusion. 28
CHAPTER 4: METHODOLOGY.. 28
4.0 Introduction. 28
4.1 Research Philosophy-Interpretivism.. 28
4.2 Research Approach
Inductive. 29
4.3 Research Strategy
Secondary Qualitative. 29
4.4 Research Methods. 30
4.5 Data Collection. 30
4.6 Analytical approach. 31
4.6.1 Analytical Approach
for the Secondary Data. 31
4.7 Reliability and
Validity. 31
4.8 Ethics Considerations. 31
4.9 Conclusion. 31
Chapter 5: Finding and
Evaluation. 33
5.0 Introduction. 33
5.1 Part 1: Presentation. 33
5.1.1 Theme 1: Findings
related to concepts and theories in management style play an important role in
organizational performance. 36
5.1.2 Theme 2: Finding
related to impact of management style on employee performances. 37
5.1.3 Theme 3: Finding related to the negative impact of management style on
employee performances. 37
5.1.4 Theme 4: Findings related to the impact of management style on employee
performances. 38
5.2 Part 2: Evaluation. 38
5.2. 1 Theme 1:
Evaluation of theories and models of management style. 38
5.2.2 Theme 2: Evaluation
of positive impact of management style on the performance of employees. 39
5.2.3 Theme 3: Evaluation
of negative impact of management style on the performance of the employees. 42
5.2.4 Theme 4: Evaluation
of effectiveness of the management style. 43
5.3 Conclusion. 44
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 45
6.0 Introduction. 45
6.1 Conclusion based on
research objectives. 45
6.1.1 To critically
evaluating the relevant concept and theories in management style plays an
important role in organizational performance. 45
6.1.2: To determine the
impact of management style on employee performances. 46
6.1.3 To analyzes
management style negative impact on employee performance that reduces
organization productivity. 47
6.1.4: To identify the
importance of management style in organization goals and objectives. 47
6.3 State the
contribution of the research. 48
6.4 To recommend
different ways or steps an organization needs to be taken in improving
management style in organizational performance. 48
6.5 Limitations. 49
6.6 Conclusion. 49
References. 51
Appendix 1. 59
Lists of Table
Table 5.1: Secondary
data. 32
Table of
figure
Figure 1.1:
Turnover from Retail Sale. 8
Figure
2.1: Management theories. 17
Figure
2.2: Primark value score- December 2018 to February 2019. 20
Figure
2.3: Net sales of the Inditex Group worldwide from 2013 to 2021. 21
Figure
5.1: Number of Zara stores in Europe. 30
Figure
5.2: Global footprint 32
Figure
5.3: Enhance employee performance. 33
Figure
5.4: Training delivered by Primark. 34
Figure
5.5: Number of specialized stores. 36
Figure
5.6: Development process of Zara. 37
Figure
5.7: HR management process. 38
Figure
6.1: Organization approach to improving management 43
The study introduces the impact of management style on the
performance of employees in Zara and Primark. ZARA and Primark both practice a
democratic management style of management in the organisation. The researcher
is going to highlight different management styles that have an impact on
employees overall performance. In order to establishing the facts, the researcher
has shed light on different theories and models. Democratic management style
ensures that all the employees are heard in the organisation and gives
empowerment to the employees. The particular management style helps the
organisations in engaging the employees in the work efficiently. The style
gives the right to the employees to participate in the decision-making of the
organisation. Though the final say in the decision-making is of the leader, the
particular management style ensures that employees are involved and are giving
suggestions. The democratic management style helps in building positive
relationships between the employees. The democratic leaders of a company
motivate the employees and motivated employees always increase the production
of the company. The increased production helps in increasing the sales and
profit of the organisation.
ZARA faces the issue of maintaining the employees in the company
with its management style. Leaders play an important role in the retention of
the employees in the organisation. The employees leave the job of the
organisation if they are not satisfied with the management and leaders of the
organisation. Talented employees are often poached by every organisation and it
challenges employee retention in ZARA. High-skilled employees are the assets of
the organisation as they increase the productivity of the organisation
resulting in increased sales and profit (Cui and Fan, 2021). Therefore,
it is important for an organisation to have an effective management and
leadership style in the organisation. Retention of the employees has become the
major issue of the concerned organisation. The organisation in order to survive
in the market needs highly skilled employees as they greatly affect the
turnover of the organisation. Bad management and leadership lower the
efficiency of the employees affecting the company's performance (Alhashedi et al. 2019). Most of the employees working in the garment industry tend to
be young girls and they often leave the job due to the working hours,
low-quality living management and harsh working schedule and conditions.
(Source: statista.com, 2022)
The issue that Primark faces due to its management and leadership
styles in the organisation is they feel less motivated to work. Employees are
usually motivated when they get appraisals and praise from their manager for
work. According to the employees of Primark, they do not even get staff
discounts on purchases and they have to pay the full amount (liverpoolecho.co.uk, 2022). Managers plays
important role in the retention of the employees in an organisation. The
employees also need respect to show respect to their managers and leaders in
the organisation. The success of any organisation depends on highly skilled
employees so it is very important for the organisation to treat the employees
equally and fairly. Due to the rising cost, Primark has decided to cut down 400
jobs in the UK due to which the employees are very dissatisfied with the
management (theguardian.com, 2022). There
is greater competition between all the organisations, which makes it difficult
for the organisation to hire skilled employees. The organisations not only
compete for profit but also for the highly skilled employees. The employees do
not get enough motivation to give their best to work and increase the
production of the organisation.
The main issue ZARA and Primark faces are the retention of
employees in the organisation. Highly skilled employees are very important for
any organisation as they help the organisation in increasing profit, sales and
production. The issue is present in the organisation because of the employees'
dissatisfaction with the management of the company. The continuous ignorance of
the management of the organisation affects the performance of the employees.
The employees do not wish to continue working in the company if lose their
self-respect. Good management and leadership can make the employee loyal to the
organisation, as the employees mainly need acknowledgement of the work done by
them (Perry and Wood, 2018). It is also very important for the employees to be
motivated to give their best in the work. Employees can be motivated by rewards
and praise so it is very important for the organisation to reward the employees
for their good performance. The organisation Primark does not motivates its
employees by rewarding them, which makes employees dissatisfied with the
organisation. Many employees cannot tolerate the harsh working condition and
hectic work hours of the organisation and leave the job. Employees play an
important role in making the organisation successful. They work hard
continuously and efficiently to complete the project of the company.
The issue sheds light on the
employee's dissatisfaction with the management of the organization. The
dissatisfaction of the employees is increased with time, as their issues are
not addressed. Due to the rising cost, Primark has decided to cut down 400 jobs
in the UK due to which the employees are very dissatisfied with the management
(Kim and Woo, 2021). Many employees have worked during the COVID pandemic
without thinking about their safety but the company does not consider anything
before firing them. The employees mainly plan to leave the job when they get
dissatisfied with the management and leaders of the organization. Management
plays an important role in the retention of employees in the company. It is
extremely important for management to hear the issues of the employees and take
proper action to solve the problem. Primark needs to motivate its employees in
order to make them loyal to the company (Roozen and Raedts, 2020). ZARA needs
to fulfill the psychological needs of the employees to make them stay in the
company. The company also needs to provide bonuses to motivate the employees in
giving their best to the work.
In this research, a secondary data collection method has been used
which enables collecting data from relevant resources and various authentic
journals and sites. Data for study is collected from several articles and
journal and objective of
the research methodology is to identify the importance of management style.
Interpretivism research philosophy within research is to be well introduced in
this research work with a qualitative approach is to be well defined in this
research work. Qualitative Research Strategy is to be well accessed in this
research section and qualitative methods is to be well defied in this research
work. Data collection techniques based on effective technique is to be well
defined in this research work. Analytical Approach for the Secondary Data is to
be well expressed in this research work.
The aim of the study is critically evaluate influence of the
management style on employee performance within the organisation ZARA and
Primark companies.
·
Critically evaluating the
relevant concept and theories in management style plays an important role in
organizational performance
· To determine the impact of management style on employee
performances
· To analyze management style's negative impact on employee
performance that reduces organization productivity
· To identify the importance of management style in organization
goals and objectives
· To recommend different ways or steps organization needs to be
taken in improving management style in organizational performances.
·
What are the relevant
concept and theories in management style that plays an important role in
organizational performance?
·
What is the determining
impact of management style on employee performance?
·
What is the negative impact
of management style on employee performance that reduces organization
productivity?
·
What is the importance of
management style in organization goals and objectives?
·
What are different ways or
steps of recommendation an organization needs to be taken in improving
management style in organizational performance?
The main
significance of doing this research work is to know the importance of
management style in organizational performance. The study analyses the
influence of management style on the performance of the employees in the
organizations ZARA and Primark. Both companies practice democratic management
styles in the organization to raise their productivity and profitability. The
main objective of doing this research work is to identify the importance of
management style in organizational goals and objectives along with its role in
employee performance are to be well introduced. However, the significance of
the research is to find out the negative impact of manager style on employee
performances along with its term in reducing organizational goals.
CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT
The literature review section mainly deals with the detailed
analysis of the theories and the themes regarding the research topic. It
elaborates on the different kinds of data, models theories that can be
implement or used while doing the research. In this section the analysis of the
impact of the management styles on the performance of the employees is going to
be discussed. For the analysis the two companies have been taken, Zara and
Primark and they are comparably elaborated here. The theories and management
styles acquired by both the companies are going to be discussed in the context
of the employee's performance.
2.2 Identify
the importance of management style in organization goals and objectives
Management styles refer to the style that a manager uses to work
in the organisation to achieve a goal. The managers use different methods,
techniques and abilities to influence the employees to make them complete work
efficiently. Management styles make the managers understand the role of the
leader and make them better managers (Caputo et al. 2018). There are
different management styles used by the organisation to manage the business.
The autocratic management style refers to the style in which the leader
controls all the decisions and takes very little advice from other employees. It
can be evident that management style has an immense impact on employee
performance. It has been observed that having a good management style ensures
better job satisfaction, productivity on individual levels, and employee
motivation. It has been analysed that the participative management style is
becoming a trending management style that is ensuring an enhanced interaction
between employees and management. The leaders of the autocratic management
style make decisions on their beliefs and do not prefer to involve other team
members in the decision-making (Wales et al. 2020). The leaders of the
autocratic management style mainly focus on the goals and tasks of the
organisation. The concerned management style clearly defines the expected
performance of the employees in the organisation.
Participative management style has an influence on performing business activities by involving
employees. Furthermore, having a good relationship with employees can help to
ensure good performance. Good employee performance results in quality and
productive work within the organisation. Recently, it has been analysed from
surveys that having a better management style helps to increase employees'
motivation. The autocratic management style makes the employees follow rules
and regulations of the organisation strictly. One of the advantages of the
concerned management style is that it has a clear chain of leaders. The
employees do not get confused about following the order of certain leaders. The
leader of an autocratic management style is clear on whom to give orders to the
employees and be clear on the leader with whose order they need to comply
(Winardi et al. 2022). The employees under an autocratic management
style know what performance is expected from them as the leaders make it clear and
set the consequences for the failure of the task. An autocratic management
style is better for an organisation where there are employees that are young
and inexperienced. The inexperienced employees have a lot to learn and the
leaders make the expectation clear to them so that they can work efficiently in
the organisation.
Democratic leadership style refers to the management style where
the team members are also allowed to participate in the decision-making. In comparison, democratic leaders help to take decisions more
effectively as compared to other types of leaders. They make sure that all the employees take part in the discussion
and give their opinion on the decision-making of the organisation. The
employees under a democratic leadership style have the power to influence the
decision-making of the organisation (George and Stern, 2019). Although the leaders
of the company always take the final decision, in case the employee presents a
strong point, it can influence the decision of the company. The democratic
leadership style allows the organisation to have many options for solving the
problem. The concerned management style allows the team members to build
positive relationships with the managers of the organisation. The management
style increases job satisfaction and morale among the employees of the
organisation and honesty is prioritized.
Laissez-Faire Management Style leaders do not give much
instruction to the employees as they have trust in them. The leaders of
particular management styles rely on the employees and do not micromanage them.
They allow the employees to use their creativity, experience and resource in
achieving the goal. The employees under the Laissez-Faire Management Style like
the work environment and like to stick to this environment (Rao and Srirekha,
2018). The employees feel relaxed and motivated to work efficiently for the
organisation. In this particular management, style employees are accountable
for their own work so they give their best in the work. On the contrary, it can be stated that this particular management
style has an attitude of resilience and trust in their employees. The employees of the particular management style are always
motivated as they are allowed to work on their own ideas to complete the work
efficiently in the organisation.
The transactional Management Style refers to the style where the
leaders of the organisation rely on the award and punishment to motivate the
employees. The leaders of the concerned management style monitor the
performance of the employees and reward them according to them. A motivated
employee always increases the productivity of the organisation resulting in
increased profit and sales. The management style creates a fair environment for
all the employees. The employees do not feel unfairly treated as they are given
feedback on their performance (Hussein and Al-Mamary, 2019). In comparison, it can be stated that transactional management style
discourages creativity and innovation within workplace. They are also aware that if they do not complete the work they
may face punishment from the leaders of the organisation. The employees of the
concerned management style are aware that their performance can improve the
situation of the company and help in expansion. So the employees give their
best to the organisation so that the organisation and expand and boost sales
and revenue.
Authoritative management style refers to the style where the
leader of the organisation has full control of the employees. They set the goal
and decide the steps and processes that will be taken by the employees to
achieve the goal in the organisation (Nugroho et al. 2020). The
Authoritative management style brings clarity to the organisation and boosts
productivity. The decision is taken faster compared with the other management
style as only the leader is involved in the decision-making. The concerned management
style reduces the employee's stress as the steps and the leaders of the
organisation (Báez et al. 2018) already decide processes. This particular style
is best for handling inexperienced team members. The Authoritative management
style of leaders handles the crisis of the organisation effectively and helps
in improving the communication between the employees and leaders. Although the
management style has advantages, it also has disadvantages like the employees
becoming dependent on the leaders. They do not come up with innovative ideas and
could not solve the unexpected crisis of the organisation.
Reviewing this, it can be stated that job satisfaction can be
achieved by implementing transformational management style (Eliyana and
Ma’arif, 2019). This study has further suggested that transformational
management style helps to establish strong relationship with employees.
Furthermore, it helps to bring motivation and enthusiasm among employees
resulting in better work performance. On the contrary, it can be sated that
transformational management style has some weakness as well including potential
for burnout (Setiawan et al. 2021). In addition, it has been seen that
transformational management style has a sense of favouritism and lack of focus.
Favouritism in management can results in negative impact on employee
performance and lack of organisational targets achievements.
2.3 Critically
evaluating the relevant concept and theories in management style plays an
important role in organizational performance
The management theories are considered the ideas that are followed
by the general rules and techniques in the various forms. These theories help
the business organization to do their marketing and business processes
properly. The different kinds of theories and models are implemented in the
different organizations to achieve their goals and objectives of their
businesses. Contingency management theory refers to the fact that
there is no way to organise corporations by making proper and effective
decisions (Zhang and Min, 2021). The primary focus of contingency theory is to
adapt to any critical situation that comes forward for performing business
activities within an organisation. Zara and Primark both are the two major
companies from the triage textile and fashion industry of the United Kingdom
and the European nation countries. Therefore, both of the companies use many of
the theories for their businesses to improve their employee retention and the
employee performance (Dantas and Cunha, 2020). One of the very famous
management theories is the scientific management theory. According to this theory,
it proved a simple art of knowing exactly what is to be done in the business
and how it is to be done for the growth and development of the business.
The scientific technique is used to tackle the various kinds of
the industrial problems that may occur in the business of the company. Primark
mainly uses the model of the management style in their business processes. This
theory is based on the four principles, the first one is the using different
kinds of the scientific method that are helpful to determine the best possible
way of doing the approach of action. It also standardizes the business process
of Primark. This principle helps to understand the problem related to the
employees and promotes the approach that may help to solve the employee related
problems (Dahlgaard-Park et al. 2018). The second principle of this
theory is the clear division of the responsibilities and tasks. It means the
compound y uses thesis theory to divide the task of the different departments
and different employees. The specific division of the tasks or job roles helps
the employee to perform in a specific area.
2.4 Determine
the impact of management style on employee performances
It improves the work quality of the employees and increases the
performance of the employees. The other principle of this theory is the high
pay scale for the high-performance employees. It is seen that the high-performance
employees always have ways to get the high payment. The payment factor works as
the motivational factor for the employees. In Primark, the salary is based on
the performance of the employee, not on the qualification of the employees. The
company also provides the different benefits to those employees who do well in
the different business processes of the company and the employees get motivated
to provide more and more efforts to increase their performance (Kovach, 2018). Therefore,
the company provides incentives, high payroll, promotion, holiday package and
so on to their high performing employees. The fourth principle of this theory
is the strict surveillance of the employees.
2.5 Analyze
management style's negative impact on employee performance that reduces
organization productivity
The company monitors their employees very strictly, therefore,
there is very less chance of lowering their performance while working in
Primark. It uses the different kinds of the equipment, strategy, software,
technologies to analyze the performance of the employees. The different kinds
of the marketing criteria are used to determine the performance of the
employees. Therefore, Primark applies the scientific management theory most
probably that enhances the employee performance in their business processes. On
the other hand, Zara uses the Human Relation theory for their business
processes. According to the business processes of Zara, the company follows and
implements the human relation theory of management styles in all aspects. This
theory is mainly focused on those thoughts that are mainly focused on informal
workplace organizations, factors that influence employee productivity and the
satisfaction level of the employees. In other sense, this theory emphasizes the
importance of the social structures in the workplace.
According to Khan et al. (2020), management and leadership
styles play a significant role in bringing innovative culture within an
organisation. Innovative organisational culture helps to foster employee’s
performance by introducing creativity within individual performance. In contrast,
it can be stated that organisational culture has an impact on employee’s
behaviour as well.
The five aspects of this theory are collaboration, non-verbal
communication, active listening, interpersonal skills and written
communication. Zara mainly focuses on the collaboration process of the employee
but does not focus on the other aspects of the theory, resulting in the low
employee performance is a major issue for Zara. The company neglects
interpersonal skill development among the employees (Vasilescu, 2019).
Interpersonal skill development skills are one of the major parts in the retail
marketing industry. The interpersonal skills are very helpful in the sales and
services provided by the company. The employees of the company lack with the
interpersonal skills. Therefore, the customers of the UK market who visit the
stores of Zara receive bad experiences from the employees working in the
stores. Therefore, it has a low level of employee performance in the growth and
development of the country.
It affects negatively in the performance of the company and
decreases the number of their customers in the UK and EU markets. The company
also fails to establish good communication with their employees. It means the
communication with the higher management with the employees is not good as it
is required. The employees do not have the direct line communication with the
higher management of the company (Hill and Van Buren, 2018). Therefore, the
higher management of the company is unable to understand the problems and
issues of the employees. It raises the risk of conflict in the company and it
demotivate the employees regarding their work. The low level of motivation
impacts the performance of the employees and it decreases the productivity and
growth rate of Zara. Therefore the company needs to change their strategy
regarding their business process and the new model of management style needs to
be implemented to improve their growth and development rate with the help of
the employee performance.
2.6 Recommending
different ways or steps organization needs to be taken in improving management
style in organizational performances.
The management styles are very effective in the employee
performance and the business process of a company. It helps the employees to
follow a structured for their growth and development and allows the company to
earn more and more revenue from the UK market. As per the analysis of both
Primark and Zara brands, it is seen that the management styles have helped the
company to grow their businesses as well as solve the different issues
regarding the employee performance. The model and theories of the management
provide the companies to run their business in a proper manner and provides the
right instruction to be followed by the employees (Langley et al. 2021).
In contrast, a proper management style is
required to be followed in order to monitor employee performance. The management theory has also helped Primark to increase their
employee performances.
(Source: Yougov.co.uk, 2019)
In the above figure, the value score of Primark in the years 2018
to 2019 have represented it. In this figure, it has been clearly mentioned that
the value score in the year 2019 is greater as compared to 2018. In the above graph,
it can be seen that Primark have gained a lot of popularity among the customers
of the UK. The sale of the Primark has been raising and the compounds have
started to come in the online store market. The huge growth has allowed the
company to open their larger retail stores in the streets of London. The above
graph shows how the company is developing using the management theory or model
in their businesses. It means the management theory has affected positively in
their business processes (Maclean et al. 2022). On the other hand, Zara
is facing some of the issues regarding the employees’ performance but still the
company has managed to earn a good profit from their annual sales. It enables
the company to follow a proper business structure strategy for their business
and employee processes. The management theory followed by the company has
allowed the company to continue their businesses through their online stores.
It allowed the company to run their business in the time of Pandemic and they
managed to continue the sales of their products.
(Source: statista.com, 2021)
In this above figure, the average sales of Inditex Group have
been represented. It has been observed that in 2021, Inditex has an average
sales of 26,000 million Euros. The above graph shows the net sales of the
Inditex Zara in the UK and EU market. The above graph shows that the Zara brand
has earned most of the revenue from their businesses in comparison to the other
companies of Inditex. The management theory also has highly impacts on the
growth and development of the by expanding their business in different sectors.
The company has started their own exclusive store of the exclusive beauty
products. The company has also added some of the home essential premium
products in their retail stores. They are significantly increasing the segments
of their products in their store and expanding their businesses. It is only
possible due to the high performance of the employees in their business
processes.
Scientific Management Theory
Management to analyze production process to enhance productivity
of workspace uses the scientific method. In case, management is not able to
identify production process efficiently then management is not able to enhance
productivity of workspace. Methods is based on four principles in first methods
are to be used to determine the best way to do their jobs. In this regard,
management is not able to determine a well way to complete their jobs then
employees were not able to complete their job within deadline (Paramboor and
Ibrahim, 2018). In second phase, management provides clear instructions to
their employees therefore, employees understand their role in their jobs. In
case, employees do not understand their job properly then employee is able to
follow their responsibilities in their work.
Management provides high pay for those employees that perform well
in their tasks. In this regard, management does not provide high pay to
employees that do a high effort in their job. Then, employees can be
discouraged that decree performance of employees and productivity of workspace
can be decreased. Hierarchy methods are followed within management structure
therefore superior employees provide guidance to their lower employees
therefore employees can perform well in their tasks. The company gets benefits
while using current management style such as the cost of production is
decreased (Parker and Jeacle, 2019). Employees are able to maintain quality of
products; therefore, a company can deliver a good quality product to their
employees. Management can do division of employees therefore employees can
understand their responsibility in a good manner and perform well in their
tasks.
Human Relation Theory
Management is to uses current models in their management focus on
encouraging employees by giving awards to their employees. In this regard,
management thus enhancing performance of employees in a workspace motivates
employees. Managers of a workspace focus on worker satisfaction thus enhancing
employee productivity. Manager at workplace use communion to understand issues
of employees, which also reduce conflicts among team members (Poulain, 2019).
Transparency can be maintained in their management and reduces conflicts within
their team. Furthermore, members can share their ideas with their team members
can identify an issue related to their issues, and recommendation by members
supports them to solve issues.
Management gets advantages while using current theory in their
management such as enhancing productivity of employees. Managers can make a
positive environment for their employees, therefore, employees can focus on
their work and employees can complete their work within a deadline. Management
builds well relationships with their employees on another side, theory does not
show road map work (Poulain, 2019). Management can fair behavior to their
employees that encourage employees and provide more job satisfaction to
employees. Management enhances employee engagement, which ultimately enhances
the productivity of a workplace. Management provides satisfactory service to
their employees because reaction between employees and customers is enhanced.
Management also introduces training programs for their employee that enhances
skills and knowledge of employees related to their work.
In previous research, it has been observed that researchers have
highlighted the benefits of performing management styles within an
organisation. However, it has been observed that researchers have failed to
explain the impact of management style on employees' performance and
management. In this research study, the researcher has highlighted a case study
by considering the management style of Primark and Zara. It has been identified
that in this research study different models and theories related to employee
management and management style have been described. Previously, the
researchers have failed to explain a wide range of theories and models that are
based on employees' performance and management style. Data needs to be well collected from the organizational website
and from the government-based website.
The studies conclude that fair behavior of management encourage employees and provide more
job satisfaction to employees. Managers can make a positive environment for
their employees, therefore, employees can focus on their work and employees can
complete their work within a deadline. Information consisting of Human
relations Theory and Scientific Management Theory are to be well discussed.
Along with steps an organization needs to be taken in improving management
style in organizational performances
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH BACKGROUND
3.1 Introduction
The purpose of study is to critically analyze impact of management
style on employee performance according to a case study of Zara and Primarkcompany
is to be well introduces.
3.2 Research Background
The study analyses the influence of management style on the
performance of the employees in the organisations ZARA and Primark. Both the
companies practice democratic management styles in the organisation. The
democratic management style is one of the best styles as it allows the
employees to have their own opinion and get involved in the decision-making of
the organisation. Though the decision-making power is in the hand of the
leaders, the democratic leaders listen to the opinion of the employees and make
amendments to the decision taken. The democratic management style motivates the
employees and makes them engage in the work efficiently. It is often observed
that motivation helps in improving the performance of the employees.
Goal setting theory refers to an employee-engagement tactic that is associated with
setting measurable and specific goals (Swann et al. 2021). Specific
goals are being set by management in order to enhance productivity within the
organisation. Implementing goal-setting theory is convenient to foster employee
management as well as employee performance. Goal-setting theory comprises some
key elements including feedback, commitment, challenge, clarity and task
complexity. Motivated employees give their best to the growth and development
of the concerned organisation. Further, it helps in increasing the production,
sales and profit of the organisation. Though the company uses a good management
style the employees face many challenges in surviving in the company. The
issues of the employees are not heard and solved due to which they become
dissatisfied with the organisation. The concerned organisations need to take
several steps to solve the issue of the employees.
3.3 Research scope
Management of Zara previously followed ALS in their management as
well Primark also followed ALS. Leaders give direction to their team before
starting their next task that therefore, team cannot start their work before
any direction from a leader. In this regard, the team started their work delay,
which can enhance the chance that the task can be finished on deadline.
Moreover, that reduced efficiency of team and performance of employee are
decreed on workplace and employee is not able to perform well in their task.
However, leader provides direction to their team therefore team are focused on
their work and employee can complete their work within the deadline. Lack of
empowerment can be seen among team members and team is not able to make
decisions without presence of a leader. Poor decision in workspace brings poor
outcome in results.
Management that follows a "democratic management style"
within the company gets the advantage to bring more viewpoints to table.
Therefore, management can easily make strategies to enhance employee’s
performance. Leaders can make quick decisions in a workspace that provides
quick support to employees that enhance their performance of employees. Leaders
build good relationships with their employees therefore employees share their
issues with leaders and leaders solve issues with employees. Leaders provide job
satisfaction to their employees and encourage innovation in a workspace. In
this regard, innovation in workspace encourages employees to show creativity in
their work, and employees can solve complex issues in workplace. Members have
the ability to share their thought with their team members therefore team are
able to identify issues in their task and make reduce impact of issues.
Furthermore, team members are able to solve issues that enhance performance of
employees in a workspace.
In past research, it has been observed that there is a lack of
clarity regarding the impact of management style on employee performance.
However, in this research, the researcher has highlighted the impact of
management style on employee overall performance and employee management.
Researchers have taken a case study of Primark and Zara into consideration in
order to shed light on management style.
Research is based on leadership style within Zara autocratic
leadership style is creating issues within company and does not supports
company to enhance employees' performance. However, Zara has not changed their
leadership style and adopted a democratic style of management; therefore,
company is able to improve employee’s performance. In this regard, management
can provide more job satisfaction to their employee thus, employee can enhance
their performance at workplace ultimately that enhance productivity of the
company.
On the contrary, it can be stated that a lack of management style
can have an impact on a company’s budget, overall profits and employee turnover
(Oruh et al. 2021). Study further states that having a managerial leadership
style can result in decreased employee stress level. Apparently, this leads to
better performance and achieving organisational targets.
3.4 Conclusion
The studies conclude that engagement of employees enhance
productivity of organization. Zara gets benefits due to adopting democratic
management in their style and decision-making ability of management is
enhanced. Leaders can see diversity in teams therefore; leaders can easily
solve issues of employees in a workspace. This chapter introduces the research
background of Zara and Primark along with the management style to be well
introduced. The democratic management style is an effective style as it allows the
employees to have their own opinion and get involved in the decision-making of
the organization is introduced in this research background. Motivated employees
in an organization help in organizational growth and are to be well distributed
in this section.
CHAPTER 4: METHODOLOGY
4.0 Introduction
The chapter
introduces research methodology that is important for occupying research
content of data collection methods. Furthermore, research philosophy is
introduced benefits of research approach that is considered an effective
benefit of research design. Along with this, research can modify is to
identification of problem-solving processes. The main objective of the research
methodology is to identify the importance of management style in organizational
goals and objectives in Zara and Primark.
4.1 Research Philosophy-Interpretivism
Researchers have selected the Interpretivism research philosophy
within research. Current philosophy is based on a specific role according to
observing social world (Indrawaty et al. 2022). Researcher gives a
response according to closed truth and provides accurate finding in their
research. Researcher gets benefits while using current philosophy that
researcher use qualitative data in their research as well researcher provides
subjective discussion in their finding. In this regard, researchers enhance
validity of their research studies. In order to perform this research, the
researcher has used interpretivism philosophy. It has been observed that researchers
to analyse the viewpoints of other authors are mainly using interpretivism
philosophy. Considering this case study, the researcher has selected
interpretivism philosophy for establishing important facts that are previously
identified by multiple researchers.
4.2 Research Approach Inductive
In order to perform this research, the researcher has used an
inductive approach. Inductive approach is mainly used for critically analysing
newly developed theories that are related to the topic. In this research study,
theories related to management style and employee performance have been
developed. A researcher has used an inductive approach within their studies
because researcher collects data that is relevant to their topic. Researcher
gets benefit due to using a current approach in their research and researcher
has flexibility in their studies. Therefore, researcher can generate new
theories within their studies. First, researcher collects data for their
research and then filters their data according to requirements of their
research (Žukauskaset al. 2018). Therefore, a researcher can generate
new theories in their research according to premises. The concerned factors are
liable to ensure flexibility and derive closeness to context of the research.
Furthermore, the approach is liable to ensure the underpinning of scientific
method and in this way, it can be considered as effective for the research. The
data is collected while following this approach is quite relevant to the interest
related to topic.
4.3 Research Strategy Secondary Qualitative
The research strategy that has been used by the researcher in
order to perform this specific research is secondary qualitative. Data has been
searched that are relevant to the topic by filtering last five years' data. In
recent research papers, government websites have been taken into consideration
for collecting relevant and authentic information regarding the impact of
management style on employees' performance. Researcher used "Qualitative
Research Strategy" within current paper because understands opinion
according to a deeper knowledge of issues. Researchers used Qualitative methods
in their studies to understand beliefs and behavior of people.
Existed data from several data source are collected articles and
journal. Researcher in present data within current research uses derived data. Therefore,
a researcher can easily relate with their objectives and researcher does not
generate numerical value in their paper (Dougherty et al. 2019). In
qualitative research, researcher used interviews and focused groups, and
observes participants (Saunders et al., 2019). Furthermore, it supports
researcher to understand behavior of participants and researcher can provide
appropriate conclusion in their paper.
4.4 Research Methods
In order to perform this research study, the research method that
has been used by the researcher is collecting data from journals. Furthermore,
the researcher has collected data from government websites and online articles
in order to establish the facts that are related to management styles. A
researcher in current research to understand people’s beliefs and experiences
uses qualitative methods. In current research researcher, critically analyze
management style that can enhance performance of employee uses comparative
methods. However, current methods do not generate any numerical data in their
research paper. Researcher gets benefits by using current methods in their
research that research collects more data for their research. Researchers can
understand attitudes of consumers; therefore, researchers can provide well
discussion in their discussion section.
4.5 Data Collection
Data collection that has been used by researcher is
secondary qualitative data collection. Secondary data collection method
generally uses previous research in order to collect authentic information that
is associated with the topic. Secondary data are collected for study;
researcher has selected secondary methods to use data in their research because
researcher easily collates data through online method or visiting libraries. On
another side, primary methods can be expensive for researcher and data
collection process can consume more time of researcher. Furthermore, it affect
schedule of researcher and researcher requires more time in their data
collection process. In this regard, secondary is cost efficient methods as
compared to primary methods because primary methods take more time during
collecting data as well as are expensive(Saunders et al., 2019). A
researcher collects cleaned and a researcher collects structured data as well
as a large volume of data (Ahlskog, 2020). On another side, in primary methods,
a large volume of data cannot be collected or it takes more time to collect a
huge volume of data.Secondary data collection for this research work is
accessed through government website and need to be accessed by public
records.
4.5.1 Data collection techniques
Researcher use method includes keyword related to the topic is
searched on internet to collect data. In current research, Google scholar is
used to collecting data for research because a filter option is provided to
searchers. Therefore, researchers can use those filters to collect recent data
for their research. On another side, researchers used government publication
that is related to their topic and public records. In this regard, researcher
also used historical and statistical documents to include data in their
studies.
4.6 Analytical approach
Researchers collect huge volume of data; therefore, it is
essential for researchers to include an analytical approach in their research
to collect authentic data for their research. In case, a researcher does not
use an analytical approach within their studies then a researcher can collect
outdated data, and researcher can resolve issues regarding research.
4.6.1 Analytical Approach for the Secondary Data
Secondary analyses refer that researcher uses existed research
data that can be used within their research. Research find answer of their
research question that is different from previous work however, that data can
be used in their present research or research find similar topic that can
provides answer within their research. Researcher has used five steps in their
research to complete their research, in first step researcher has to define
topic of research, then establish purpose of research. Proper design of
research is created then data is collected for research.
4.7 Reliability and Validity
Secondary data is less reliable and accurate as compare to primary
data and validity of research cannot be conducted because secondary data are
included in research. Google
Scholar, libraries, and company websites are used to collect data for research.
No instruments are used to analyze data, information included in research are
collected from articles and journal.
4.8 Ethics Considerations
Researcher has done proper referencing while mentioning their name
within their studies that show that credit is given to author. The researcher
does not use any unethical activities during collection process of data. Researcher
has included voluntary participants, anonymity and confidentiality can be
maintained within research.Furthermore, results can be communicated researcher
members and potential of harm can be reduced in research.
4.9 Conclusion
Chapter concludes that researchers within their research
adopt “Interpretive research philosophy” as researcher follows well as
inductive approach. Researchers in current study use secondary data because
researchers easily collect data for their research. Interpretive research
philosophy is to be well discussed in the research methodology along with this
qualitative approach is to be well discussed. Qualitative Research Strategy and
Data collection techniques need to be well discussed in this research work to
play an effective role. Data collection techniques and secondary data
collection are to be well discussed.
Chapter 5:
Finding and Evaluation
5.0 Introduction
In this chapter, research question findings are discussed
within chapter several issues that can affect employees' performance are
discussed. Primark provides 565 hours to 7,206 participants training that
supports employees to enhance their performance. All themes’ findings are well
discussed within a chapter that supports management to enhance EP. Evaluation
section discusses benefits of training provided to employees and well as
several employee laws discussed that support management to enhance EP.
5.1 Part 1: Presentation
Five articles are selected to represent findings of
research, in first article, HR management arrange a training program to enhance
EP. While in second article leaders do fair behavior with employees to
encourage employees and in the last article includes language barrier can be an
issue that can affect EP.
|
Articles /Journal
|
Author
|
Findings
|
|
Employee performance
|
Hewagama et al. 2019
|
Study tests arguments related to HR management to enhance EP.
Management arranges training programs for employees that benefit both. In
this regard, employees understand their job in a workspace and do their
responsibilities properly. Author illustrated that employees are trained
and word of superior care. Therefore, employees can provide excellent
service to their clients.
|
|
Transactional leadership
|
Kalsoomet al. 2018
|
Authors discussed two various "leadership styles" in
their studies. LS play a vital role in growth of a company and encourage an
employee to enhance their performance. "Transactional leadership"
builds a fairness sense for their employees, as well as an employee,
understand system within organization. In this regard, employees can see the
impact on their business, therefore, employees enhance their efficiency. On
another hand, “Transformational
Leadership" establishes good relations with their
employees and encourages creativity as well as reduces employee turnover.
|
|
Language barrier
|
Ramlan et al. 2018
|
In current research, paper authors explore impact of
organizational culture on EP. In current paper data is collected from 150
respondents and explores that language barrier can be an issue that can
affect employees' performance. Management requires communication to solve
issues of employees in which languages can be barriers. Therefore, employees
present in workspace use similar language in their work ultimately that
enhances knowledge sharing among employees. On another hand, communication
with managers reduces conflicts that enhance performance of an employee in a
workspace.
|
|
Management style
|
Posadzinska et al. 2020
|
In this particular journal, the researcher has highlighted
different management styles that have an impact on employee’s performance.
However, focus of performing this study is to analyzing the benefits of participative
management style. This study identifies that participative management style
is one of the most effective mangment style that can have a good impact on employee’s
performance.
|
|
“Manager’s Autocratic Style of Management and trust of Employees”
|
Skowronek, 2022
|
In this journal, the author has highlighted the impact of the
Autocratic management style on trust of employees. Furthermore, this study
has described the benefits of implementing an autocratic management style
within an organization. Moreover, this study has identified the following
autocratic management style can help to make quicker decisions and achieve organizational
goals. Productivity can be enhanced by implementing autocratic management
styles.
|
5.1.1 Theme 1: Findings related to
concepts and theories in management style play an important role in
organizational performance
Theory
Current paper uses two management theories within studies
scientific theory is used by Zara while Primark uses relation theory (Primark.a.bigcontent.io,
2021). Zara gets benefits due to using current theory used in their management
such as reducing cost of production therefore companies can make a better
profit in their business. In this regard, employees make better quality products
therefore companies can make their loyal customers within their business. In
this regard, management can division of employees in their work process
therefore employees can understand their role within their job. Furthermore, it
enhances efficiency of employees and productivity of a company is enhanced. On
another hand, relation theory also enhances productivity of employees.
5.1.2 Theme 2: Finding related to
impact of management style on employee performances
Company gets benefits while adopting appropriate management style
within organization. Engagement of employees is enhanced within workspace as
well employees can consult with each other therefore employees reduce conflicts
(Pattnaik and Jena, 2020). Furthermore,
employees feel respected in a workspace, and quality of decision-making is
enhanced because several members are involved in their decision-making. During
decision-making, members can share their thought therefore, management know
their issue related to their decision. Therefore, management can make
strategies to reduce risk in their decision and reduce impact of risk.
Figure 5.1: Number of Zara
stores in Europe
(Source: Statista.com, 2022)
Above figures represent stores of Zara in the
European region, in Spain during 2018 Zara has 306 stores across Spain while
number of stores are decreasing slightly and come to 302 (Statista.com, 2022).
Furthermore, table shows that stores are reducing, which can be affected by
pandemics and companies selling their product through online platforms.
5.1.3 Theme 3: Finding related to the negative impact of management style on
employee performances
Poor management can reduce productivity of employees, which
affects company budgets such as employee turnover and overall profit. Morale of
employee is decreased therefore employees are not able to focus on their work
as well manager is not able to understand their responsibilities properly (García et al. 2021). In case, an
employee does not have an effective leader then leader does not use communion
with employees to understand issues faced by employees. In this regard, manger
does not provide good guidance to their employees therefore; employee is not
able to perform well in their task. Furthermore, the quality of products is
reduced and company can lose its customers due decrease in efficiency of
employees.
5.1.4 Theme 4: Findings related to the impact of management style on employee
performances
Effectiveness management supports companies to achieve their goals
within deadlines. Leaders create a schedule plan for their goals and focus on
prior tasks first; therefore, management can achieve their goals (Fernandez et al. 2019). Engagement of
employees is enhanced within an organization and positive commitment can be
given to employees therefore job satisfaction can be given to employees. For
example, teams update recent statuses related to their task therefore
management can make better strategies to complete those tasks within deadline.
5.2 Part 2: Evaluation
5.2. 1 Theme 1: Evaluation of theories and models of management
style
Theory
Zara uses scientific theory while Primark uses relation theory.
Primark focuses on its individuals' needs that support company to build well
relationships with its employees. Therefore, management easily solves issues of
employees, and superior employees that support lower employees provide
guidelines. In this regard, efficiency of employees is enhanced as well as
employees are engaged in their work, which enhances EF (Kim et al. 2018). On another hand, management uses a
monitoring process to measure performance and therefore includes strategies to
enhance performance. Management uses awards strategies to motivate employees or
training programs. However, also focus that employees are using effective
communication in a workspace that enhances knowledge and skills of employees.
On another hand, Zara uses scientific theory that reduces cost of production as
well as focuses on quality of products. Therefore, company is able to provide well-quality
products to their customer.
Model
Primark follows an autocratic style within its organization;
therefore, management can make quicker decisions in a workspace. Quick decision
taken by management reduces the impact of issues in a workspace (Foy et al. 2019). Company has a clear
chain of command therefore superior employees guide lower employees. Guidance
enhances efficiency of employee ultimately; EP is enhanced. On another hand,
Zara follows a bureaucratic model therefore; employees can show creativity in
their work. Therefore, employees are able to reduce complexity of their tasks
and find alternatives to solve issues related to their work. Job security is
provided to employees and best practices are created therefore employees
perform well in their tasks. Zara is a large organization therefore
bureaucratic model supports organization to run smoothly in their business.
Figure 5.2: Global footprint
(Source: Static.inditex.com, 2021)
Company has created a well global presence in 215 markets as well
as a company with more than 165,000 employees within organization. Furthermore,
it supports companies to provide well service to their customer. In this
regard, company has 1790 suppliers that provide sufficient raw materials to
their company (Static.inditex.com, 2021).
In case of management, is not able to make a good relationship with their
supplier then a shortage of raw materials can be seen within organization.
5.2.2 Theme 2: Evaluation of positive impact of management style
on the performance of employees
Management starts communion with employees that support manger to
build well relationships with their managers. Manager provides guidance to an
employee on a prior task that supports employees focus on essential task first
(Kollmann et al. 2020). Management
ensures policies that support managers and employees to follow standards in
their work. In this regard, employees do not do unethical things within their
job and maintain quality of work. Manager creates schedule plan for their jobs
therefore, employees can complete their job within deadline. On another side,
managers can provide feedback to their employees that support employees to get
feedback according to their performance. In case, a manager does not provide
feedback to employees according to their performance then employees cannot able
to enhance their performance (Hewagama et al.
2019). However, positive feedback also encourages other employees to
enhance their performance, which ultimately enhances productivity of an
organization.
(Source: Created by learner)
Management can implement employees' policies therefore; management
can provide a safe environment for their employees. In case, management does
not meet the basic requirement of employees then employees can feel discouraged
in a workspace. Primark focuses on their policies implementing a "Health
and safety" policy to make a positive environment (Schabasser, 2022). Effective management interacts with employees
to know issues faced by employees therefore, management can solve issues of
employees. In this regard, such strategies enhance efficiency of employees and
productivity of a company is enhanced. Leaders also monitor on performance of
employees to provide career opportunities to employees. Furthermore, employees
can focus on their task on another side management give training to their
employee. In case, management monitors that performance of employees is
decreased within a workspace.
Figure 5.4: Training delivered by Primark
(Source: primark.a.bigcontent.io,
2021)
Above table shows, that training programs are attended by Primark
that enhance efficiency of employees as well productivity of employees is
enhanced. At a global level, 20 hours company by their external partner
arranges training program and 117 participants have participated in the
training. Primark provides 565 hours to 7,206 participants and from external
partners, 631 hours of training are provided to their employees (primark.a.bigcontent.io, 2021). In this regard,
it is an effective decision made by management because a company is arranging
training programs for their employees to enhance EF.
Companies understand rights and risks of workers; therefore,
companies provide a healthy environment to their employees. In case, management
is not able to provide essential rights to their employees then employees can
be discouraged in a workspace. In this regard, that can affect performance of
employees and employees do not focus on their jobs. Rights of employees include
proper equipment provided to employees in workspace therefore employees can
perform well in their tasks (Graves and
Karabayeva, 2020). Furthermore, it is responsibility of management to
make a comfortable environment for their employees. Management does not behave
badly with employees according to their age, gender, and religion. Employees
can get equal treatment from other employees or managers within an
organization. In this regard, it encourages employees to focus on their work
and complete their tasks within deadlines.
5.2.3 Theme 3: Evaluation of negative impact of management style
on the performance of the employees
Management of Zara and Primark does not adopt an effective
management style within their organization then job satisfaction is not
provided to employees. However, a manager also does not uses effective
communication with employees to identify issue faced by employees that reduce
EP (Liu et al. 2018). On another
side, management is not able to focus basic requirements of employees, which
reduces employee’s efficiency. Therefore, management must provide essential
tools to employees that are necessary for their work. Managers provide no direction
to their employees, therefore, employees complete their job according to their
knowledge, which affected on quality of products and company is able to provide
good quality products to their customers. Furthermore, it affected on sales of
company due decrease in performance of employees.
Figure 5.5: Number of specialized stores
(Source: Statista.com, 2022)
The above graph shows a number of stores within UK, in 2012 number
of stores are low in the UK while after 2012 number of stores is increasing
slightly. However, the number of stores reached it high and comes to 11,583 the
number of stores is decreasing (Statista.com,
2022). Furthermore, it can happen because company has started to sell
their products through online methods. Therefore, it is necessary for a company
to maintain their logistics department to deliver products on time to their
customer. In case, management is not able to maintain logistics department
properly then company cannot able to deliver a product on time to their customer
(Marchet et al. 2018). Management
can build well relationships with their suppliers to get a proper amount of raw
materials for their product manufacturing. However, Primark maintains a good
relationship with their supplier, which supports a company in its production
process. On another hand, management of Primark also arranged a training
session for employees to provide better knowledge related to their work so an
employee can perform well in their tasks.
5.2.4 Theme 4: Evaluation of effectiveness of the management style
Proper management style enhances engagement of employees because
employees feel respected at workplace. Management provides equal opportunities
for employees to share their feelings with their manager or other employees (Mousa et al. 2020). In this regard,
management enhances their quality decision-making and makes better destinations
related to their jobs. Furthermore, suggestions from other employees give ideas
to handle risk in their task then management can reduce impact of issue. Employees
show creativity in their work and proceed in a safer way to complete their
jobs.
Figure 5.6: Development process of Zara
(Source: Aftab et al. 2018)
Zara has developed their production process designer within a
company to make new design products. In this regard, it encourages other
customers to buy their products as well as their team to focus on extended
design that supports company to enhance their production collection (Aftab et al. 2018). Management analyzes
trends within market; therefore, designers can make newly designed products
according to requirements of customers. On another hand, management also
focuses logistics department that supports companies to deliver products on
time to their customers.
(Source: created by learner)
In this above picture, responsibilities of an HR manager have been
represented by highlighting a HR management process of Primark. Management
gives compensation to their employees that support management to build a good
relationship with their employees (Khalid and
Nawab, 2018). In this regard, management of Primark need to ensures
safety of their employees, so that employees can focus on providing productive
work safely. On another hand, management does not recruit more employees within
their organization then a limited number of employees cannot able to give good
service to their customers. Furthermore, it is necessary for management to hire
employees within organization to maintain a number of employees within
organization.
5.3 Conclusion
Chapter concluded that EP affected productivity of organization
and reduced revenue of a company. Furthermore, organization is not able to
maintain quality of products within their organization; therefore, company can
lose their customer. For effective management, managers use communication to
identify issues faced by employees to reduce their risks at workplace. However,
management to enhance knowledge of employees related to their work provides
training programs. In case, employees do not understand their job role properly
then employee is not able to perform well within their jobs. On another hand,
management also uses awards strategies to encourage their employees.
The aim of study is based on management style that enhances
performance of employees within Zara and Primark. Study recommends that
management can encourage employees to communication with their management
related to task. Furthermore, it supports employees to share their issues with
superiors and issues of employees can be solved. The aim of the study
introduces a conclusion and recommendations based on the impact of management
style on employee performances hence analysis based on theories and models are
concluded. Recommendations on to
influence management style on employee performance focusing on Primark and Zara
companies. Objectives depicting
positive impact and negative impact of management style are concluded.
Effective recommendations based on management style based on Zara employee
employees are to be concluded in this research work.
It can be concluded that management that supports company to
enhance employee performance within organization can adopt effective management
style. The productivity of Zara is becoming higher and mathematics along with
statically data that can be used in management methods help in concluding and
maximizing the potential of workforce efforts in the workplace. Organizations
using this theory first need to do planning then do organizing along with this
try to do proper coordination.On another side, management of Zara also bring
training programme for their employees that enhance skills and knowledge of
employees.
6.1.1 To
critically evaluating the relevant concept and theories in management style
plays an important role in organizational performance
Zara within its organization use management theory to
depict information about general rules and techniques for its growth.
Concluding the mentioned theory organizations is able to keep managing their
business goals and objectives. Zara uses a “scientific management model” in
their business that supports company to do their division of labor and
discipline are followed within organization. Management style of Zara enhances employee performance by
providing guidance to their employees. Zara does not manufacture clothes for long lasting
therefore company is able to provide its products at affordable prices to their
customer (Yin, 2022). On another side,
management of Primark focuses on requirement of employees that supports
employees to enhance their performance (Almeida et
al. 2019).The above-mentionedtheory isliable to derive crucial role while
ensuring the job role of manager regarding their team. Furthermore, the
managerial officials can use the guidance with the help of theories for the
motivational factor. Using a theory organizations are trying to do proper
marketing of their products and do product processing. Zara and Primark can use
mentioned theory in their textile and fashion industry to keep improving their
employee performance and retention rate of the employee. Scientific techniques
are effective approaches that can be used for tackling a problem that is being
faced inside the industry and issues faced by the company are to be well
concluded. Primark is using a model of management style in business their business
process (Roth, 2022). Mentioned theory plays an effective role in for company
in terms of employee promotions.
6.1.2: To determine the impact of management style on employee performances
Mentioned organizations such as Zara and Primark are using
a specific management style in order to achieve business targets. Javed and
Quratulain, (2018) stated that employees with this style are able to help
organizations in terms of revenue generation and growth perspectives. Well
management style enhances performance of employees by finding struggles of
employees. Furthermore, communication can be enhanced in workplace; therefore,
superiors solve issues of employees. Mention two organizations Zara and Primark
are using management style for solving issues that reduce employers'
performances. Effective and right instructions for all employees that are
working in an organization are to be well defined using this theory and model
are to be well concluded. Primark provide training to their employees that
support employees to understand their job role properly. Leaders in the
mentioned organization find themselves different from other employees therefore
using this style they are able to keep managing their teammates. Employee
mental growth using this style is going to be well improved and performance
within a time is to be well-improved (Manzoor et al. 2019). Mention
style has the ability to do creative and forwards looking along with this
having future focus mindset help in organizational developments.
Zara with this style is able to build trust and commitment in
terms of innovative thinking for its organizational development. This style
plays an effective role in terms of inspiring people who want to move forwards.
Primary using the mentioned style is able to increase their employee engagement
within a team member hence often feeling confident and respected (Jamali et
al. 2022). With decision-making ability of both organizations is highly
improved using the management style.
6.1.3 To
analyzes management style negative impact on employee performance that reduces
organization productivity
Management style along with the positives of employees shows some
negative impact on employees' performances and has a potential for inhibiting
team creativity as input need not be needed. Habib et al. (2021) stated
that Employees or team members of an organization within a management style
follow dependencies rather than deciding things on their own. During their work
routine morality of employees in the organization is becoming low they show no
interest in their workplace. Autocratic
managers can decrease morale of employees therefore performance of employees
can be affected as well as productivity of company can be decreased (Khan et al. 2020). Organizations lot of time keep focusing on employees' long-term
goals hence short-term goals many time get impacted. Much time organization is
highly focused on only leaders or management vision that loses the creativity
of other employees with the innovative work of other being reduced (Beetle,
2018). Time-consuming using mentioned style lots of time reduce meeting routine
and hence mention style is not effective for doing urgent works.
Conflict with the use of mentioned style is to be managed which
make many employees of the organization unhappy within the workplace. This is
one of the slowest decision-making styles hence difficult to arrive at
concurrences (Hajiali et al. 2022). Therefore is indecisive and takes a
long time to reach effective decisions making strategies or for fulfilling
organizational goals.
6.1.4: To identify the importance of management style in organization goals
and objectives
Management style plays an important role in order to
achieve the objective derived by organization. In this regard, the management
leaders derive its effective role while provide guidance to its team members. The
main effectiveness of the management style is to achieve the target within a
specified period zone. Therefore, the objective of management style depicts the
right things that need to be considered in the right framework. Organizational
management supports companies to achieve their goals and make profits in their
business. Effective management strategies include a clear set of goals;
therefore, each employee or member within organization understands their role
and responsibilities to organization and performs well in their roles (Sanyal and Hisam, 2018). In case, employees do
not understand their roles properly within organization employees do not
perform well in their jobs.
Help in boosting morale and keep motivating employees along with
this has the possibility to improve their performances. Effective employee
engagement with the reduction in outrage and employee turnover rate is to be
well justified or needs to be well known. Mentioned style has the possibility
to make things more efficient and help in achieving business goals within a
short period. The possibility of solving in quick time means without any time
waste is to be well defined (Mansyur and Semmaila, 2022). The work environment
for employees needs to be positive and has an effective role in making
employees motivated.
Awareness needs to be taken using mentioned style and have the
possibility to increase strength by overcoming shortcomings. This style acts as
the pillar that helps provide the strength of the company and boost the
confidence of employees (Alheetet al. 2021). Innersole and
self-awareness of an employee of Zara and Primark are to be improved to play an
effective role in raising organization productivity and profitability.
The main contribution of doing this research work is to signify
the role of management style in employee engagement in the workplace. Doing
this research work positive work environment of Zara and Primark is to be well
known their efforts on employee engagement are to be well defined. Zara uses a
management style to make their employee highly motivated and keep them engaged
in their workforce (Baiget al. 2021). In this research work, a
management-based theory is to be used to help in defining technical rules that
are effective for organizational creativity and productivity. An organization
using a management style is able to do constructive work and raise its
productivity along with this profitability to be well improved. Awareness of
the team is going to be well improved towards its workforce and strength is to
be properly analyzed (Zara.com, 2022). Mentioned research clearly defined
effective steps taken by both organizations to gain their goals.
6.4 To
recommend different ways or steps an organization needs to be taken in
improving management style in organizational performance.
Management of an organization needs to be improved by
selecting smarter people this is because they will have the possibility to act
as responsible leaders and the possibility to do effectively for organizational
growth. The work function of every department can be started slowly then,
technology can be implemented within the department to track the performance of
employees. Organization can keep their goals simple and listen to the view of
their employees and other members that supports organization to enhance their
management style.
Zara uses a management style to make their employee highly
motivated and keep them engaged in their workforce.Ownership inside a team is
to be well developed and needs to embrace mistakes. An organization needs to
improve customer lives and hence needs to improve the engagement of employees
in the workplace.
(Source: Statista.com, 2022)
The above figure depicts clear information that describes the
organizational approach hence employee think of a 20.9% of growth possibility
and shows a proactive approach. 49.7% of them think the possibility of an open
mindset and high engagement flexibility is occurring as per changes in the
management of organizations (statista.com, 2022). As per a survey of 66.1% of
employees, the possibility of having high customer experiences and effective
strategic measurement of an organization is to be well originated.
The limitation of the entire research consists of small sample
sizes and improper methodology. Employees' performance using management style
at some period needs to run and work in an effective manner. The growth of an
organization's work to some extent and employee engagement in doing this
research work at some stages will work in an effective manner. Time and
patients in doing this research work need extra time that makes the research
work have some limitations (Sanyal and Hisam, 2018). Trainer alone will not
solve whole research needs efforts from employee engagements.
The study concludes with information about analysis based on
management style by an organization consisting of Zara and Primark are to be
concluded in this assessment. Effective recommendations based on management
style of Primark, Zara are to be concluded in this assessment, and the benefits
faced by the organization in terms of its growth are well concluded. Efforts of
management style in employee engagement are to be well concluded and its
efforts in employee performances are to be well concluded. The effective
recommendation that plays an effective role in employee engagement is to be
well introduced in an effective manner in doing this research work.
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Devolved Ethical Approval Panel (DEAP): Application Summary
Student Name: DachapallyGunashekar Student
Number: ST20214634
Module Name: International Research Project Module Number: MSM7037
Programme Name: MSc IBM Supervisor Name: Dr.
Vera Ndrecaj
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Participant withdrawal form
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First Submission [X] Resubmission [ ]
Date: 14th June 2022 Resubmission Date:
For use by the devolved ethics approval panel:
Panel Members Name Signature
Module leader, Chair:Dr Francesca Mariotti Dr Francesca
Mariotti
Supervisor: Dr. Vera Ndrecaj Dr.
Vera Ndrecaj
CSM Ethics Committee Representative:
Date: Date of Reassessment:
Outcome:
Project Approved [ ] Reference number:
Project Approved in Principle [ ]
Decision deferred (application not ready/incomplete)[ ] Project
Not Approved (major revisions) [ ]
Project Rejected [ ]
Comments for projects not fully approved:
+1 817-968-5551
+61-488-839-671
+44-7480-542904
4.6
4.72
4.92